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---- Minor border clashes: |combatant2 = Libyan Arab Jamahiriya *Libyan Armed Forces *Paramilitary forces *Pro-Gaddafi tribes〔〔 *Foreign mercenaries〔〔〔 Supported by: * 〔http://www.thenewamerican.com/world-news/africa/item/8352-china-offered-gaddafi-arms-despite-libya-embargo〕 * 〔http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/algeria-libya-will-the-accusations-of-algeria-sending-troops-impact-on-the-countries-relationship-159996〕 |commander1= Mustafa Abdul Jalil Omar El-Hariri Jalal al-Digheily Abdul Fatah Younis Suleiman Mahmoud Hamad bin Ali Al Attiyah ---- Charles Bouchard |commander2 = Muammar Gaddafi Saif al-Islam Gaddafi Khamis Gaddafi Mutassim Gaddafi Saif al-Arab Gaddafi Al-Saadi Gaddafi Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr Massoud Abdelhafid Mahdi al-Arabi | strength1 = 17,000 defecting soldiers and volunteers〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Feature Report – Long summer of civil war in Libya )〕 200,000 volunteers by war's end (NTC estimate) ---- International Forces: Numerous air and maritime forces (see here) | strength2 = 20,000–40,000 soldiers and militia |casualties1 = 5,887–6,609 opposition fighters and supporters killed (other estimates: see here) |casualties2 = 2,309–3,227 soldiers killed (other estimates: see here), 7,000 captured * |casualties3= Estimated total casualties from all sides, including civilians: 9,400 killed,〔 4,000 missing,〔 50,000 injured (other estimates: see here) |notes= *Large number of loyalist or immigrant civilians, not military personnel, among those captured by rebels, only an estimated minimum of 1,692+ confirmed as soldiers〔300 prisoners in Benghazi,() 230 prisoners in Misrata,() 52 prisoners in Nalut,() 13 prisoners in Yafran,() 50 prisoners in al-Galaa,() 147 prisoners in Zintan,() 600 prisoners in Tripoli,() 150 prisoners in Sabha,() 150 prisoners in Sirte minimum of 1,692 reported captured〕 }} The first Libyan Civil War, also referred to as the Libyan Revolution, was an armed conflict in 2011, in the North African country of Libya, fought between forces loyal to Colonel Muammar Gaddafi and those seeking to oust his government.〔〔 The war was preceded by protests in Zawiya on 8 August 2009 and finally ignited by protests in Benghazi beginning on Tuesday, 15 February 2011, which led to clashes with security forces that fired on the crowd.〔 The protests escalated into a rebellion that spread across the country, with the forces opposing Gaddafi establishing an interim governing body, the National Transitional Council. The United Nations Security Council passed an initial resolution on 26 February, freezing the assets of Gaddafi and his inner circle and restricting their travel, and referred the matter to the International Criminal Court for investigation. In early March, Gaddafi's forces rallied, pushed eastwards and re-took several coastal cities before reaching Benghazi. A further UN resolution authorised member states to establish and enforce a no-fly zone over Libya, and to use "all necessary measures" to prevent attacks on civilians. The Gaddafi government then announced a ceasefire, but fighting continued.〔()〕 Throughout the conflict, rebels rejected government offers of a ceasefire and efforts by the African Union to end the fighting because the plans set forth did not include the removal of Gaddafi. In August, rebel forces launched an offensive on the government-held coast of Libya, taking back territory lost months before and ultimately capturing the capital city of Tripoli, while Gaddafi evaded capture and loyalists engaged in a rearguard campaign.〔 On 16 September 2011, the National Transitional Council was recognised by the United Nations as the legal representative of Libya, replacing the Gaddafi government. Muammar Gaddafi remained at large until 20 October 2011, when he was captured and killed attempting to escape from Sirte. The National Transitional Council "declared the liberation of Libya" and the official end of the war on 23 October 2011. In the aftermath of the civil war, a low-level insurgency by former Gaddafi loyalists continued. There have been various disagreements and strife between local militia and tribes, including fighting on 23 January 2012 in the former Gaddafi stronghold of Bani Walid, leading to an alternative town council being established and later recognized by the NTC. A much greater issue has been the role of militias which fought in the civil war and their role in the new Libya. Some have refused to disarm and cooperation with the NTC has been strained, leading to demonstrations against militias and government action to disband such groups or integrate them into the Libyan military. These unresolved issues led directly to a second civil war in Libya. ==Background== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Libyan Civil War (2011)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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